Decision Making Quiz

QUESTION 1

1. The statement “I do” uttered by a couple in a marriage ceremony is an example of a(n) __________ speech act.

   	a.	representative
   	b.	directive
   	c.	expressive
   	d.	declaration

5 points

QUESTION 2

1. In the sentence, “The physics student dropped the ball,” dropped the ball is the

   	a.	adjective clause
   	b.	noun phrase
   	c.	article
   	d.	verb phrase

5 points

QUESTION 3

1. This notion is the mistaken belief that the current probability of event is influence by prior random events (e.g., flipping a coin and the person get heads 8 times, s/he believes that the 9th coin flip is more likely to be tails).

   	a.	Sunken Costs
   	b.	Adjustment from Anchor Heuristic
   	c.	Gambler’s Fallacy
   	d.	Inclusion Fallacy

5 points

QUESTION 4

1. Research suggests that young men, more than young women, prefer to talk about

   	a.	close friends.
   	b.	fears.
   	c.	classes.
   	d.	political views.

5 points

QUESTION 5

1. This is the case where an individual is trying to use/apply the structure/solution from one problem on to a new problem.

   	a.	convergent thinking
   	b.	intentional transfer
   	c.	functional fixedness
   	d.	transparency

5 points

QUESTION 6

1. Mnemonic devices are best described as

   	a.	experimental devices used in cognitive studies.
   	b.	strategies for efficient problem solving.
   	c.	artificial-intelligence algorithms that mimic human reasoning.
   	d.	specific techniques to help you memorize lists of words.

5 points

QUESTION 7

1. In order to talk to each other versus talking past one another, we often setup our conversations such that it is easy for our listener to understand the intended message. Doing so is making use of ___.

   	a.	metaphors
   	b.	cooperative principles
   	c.	indirect requests
   	d.	speech acts

5 points

QUESTION 8

1. Stephanie has been studying for two exams scheduled on the same day, one for her Spanish class and the other for French. While taking the Spanish exam, she remembers more French than Spanish. Stephanie is most likely to be experiencing

   	a.	decay.
   	b.	interference.
   	c.	reconstructive interference.
   	d.	unlearning.

5 points

QUESTION 9

1. In one exploration of language, Koko, the gorilla, was taught to use __________ to communicate.

   	a.	lexigrams
   	b.	hand signs
   	c.	a keyboard
   	d.	English

5 points

QUESTION 10

1. Sheer enjoyment of the creative process and personal desire to solve a problem are examples of __________ motivators.

   	a.	intrinsic
   	b.	extrinsic
   	c.	global
   	d.	local

5 points

QUESTION 11

1. __________ refers to how you transform a physical, sensory input into a kind of representation that can be placed into memory.

   	a.	Encoding
   	b.	Storage
   	c.	Retrieval
   	d.	None of the above

5 points

QUESTION 12

1. This is the smallest unit of speech sound that can be used to distinguish one meaningful utterance from another in a given language.

   	a.	Morpheme
   	b.	Percept
   	c.	Phoneme
   	d.	Phone

5 points

QUESTION 13

1. Richard does not realize that his drinking is interfering with his daily activities and is becoming a problem. To address this problem, Richard first and foremost (before anything else) needs to __________ the problem.

   	a.	ignore
   	b.	formulate a strategy to deal with
   	c.	identify the existence of
   	d.	evaluate

5 points

QUESTION 14

1. When a person has a difficult time deciphering, reading, and comprehending written information this is known as

   	a.	aphasia.
   	b.	malapropism.
   	c.	dyslexia.
   	d.	anomaly.

5 points

QUESTION 15

1. __________ refers to a speech act by which the very act of making a statement brings about an intended new state of affairs.

   	a.	Representative
   	b.	Directive
   	c.	Commissive
   	d.	Declaration

5 points

QUESTION 16

1. This type of dyslexia occurs when an individual has a difficult time in learning the various rules as they relate to sounds. This type of dyslexia starts in early childhood and often continuous throughout adulthood.

   	a.	acquired
   	b.	developmental
   	c.	progressive
   	d.	longitudinal

5 points

QUESTION 17

1. A word’s emotional overtones, presuppositions, and other nonexplicit meanings are its

   	a.	meaning.
   	b.	interpretation.
   	c.	denotation.
   	d.	connotation.

5 points

QUESTION 18

1. American English-speaking adults typically have (around) _________ words in their vocabulary.

   	a.	10,000
   	b.	20,000
   	c.	under 80,000
   	d.	over 100,000

5 points

QUESTION 19

1. Encoding of information in the long-term store is not exclusively __________. There also is evidence for __________ encoding.

   	a.	semantic; visual
   	b.	visual; acoustic
   	c.	acoustic; semantic
   	d.	semantic, acoustic

5 points

QUESTION 20

1. Satisficing makes it more difficult for people to make fully rational decisions because, in satisficing,

   	a.	we do not consider all possible options, but rather consider a few until we find one that is satisfactory.
   	b.	we consider the additional variable of an incentive, or reward, in the decision-making process.
   	c.	we consider all the possible options in order to seek to minimize pain.
   	d.	we often become irrational and unable to make a well-reasoned decision.

5 points